World Heritage candidate Mt. Fuji
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage (2)
Mt. Fuji across Shizuoka Prefecture and Yamanashi Prefecture is a mountain in a Japanese highest peak. It is Tateyama, Hakusan, and queues up, is counted in one of Japanese 3 Ryozen (3 person in Japan mountain), and is one of 100 person in Japan mountains. It is an active volcano, and Mt. Fuji aims at the registration of UNESCO to World Heritage at the beginning of the 1990’s, and the movement of above sea level 3,776m has been developed. At first, the recommendation of the country will be put off from manage of the environment difficult though registration to the natural heritage was examined. However, it aimed at registration to the cultural heritage now, and it was registered in the tentative list in 2007. The examination by the monument ruins conference at which the world cultural heritage of UNESCO is investigated is scheduled to be received in the future.
“Mt. Fuji” has already been specified for “Special place of scenic beauty” by Cultural Properties Protection Law in 1952 though it is a registration waiting state as for World Heritage. The place of scenic beauty is land of with a good view. Moreover, “Mt. Fuji primeval forest” is specified for the natural monument in 1929. In addition, “Fuji air hole” was specified for the natural monument in 1929.
Above all, Mt. Fuji is existence indispensable for the economy of the surrounding area using the underflow water. Manufacturing related to the paper manufacturing industry and the medical treatment is actively done in the surrounding area. The underflow water in Mt. Fuji is sold from the abundant content of the vanadium as a mineral water. Moreover, it is an important pillar where the travel industry that takes notice of the people who visit religious facilities a lot of the visit to a shrine, summering, and climbing mountain, etc. also supports economy in the region in the Mt. Fuji region.
The difference of the opinion happened in Yamanashi Prefecture that valued Shizuoka Prefecture and the tourist destination development that valued nature and cultural protection even if coming round the natural inheritance registration of Mt. Fuji. Problems of the regulation of private cars of the Mt. Fuji tollway and Fuji climbing mountain guest’s garbage problem, etc. continue.
It is Mt. Fuji that has been written in the song from the age of [manha]. It wishes that it want you to take it as World Heritage by all means.
Tags: and tentative list, cultural heritage, natural heritage, tourist destination development, World Heritage
What is World Heritage?
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
The construction project in the Aswan height dam lifted in the Nile valley in Egypt in the 1960’s. However, the Nubia ruins group from the Abu Simbel palace in the Nile valley in an Egyptian southern part to Philadelphia will sink in the bottom in the dam when this dam is completed. Then, UNESCO began the Nubia going under water ruins relief campaign.
Technical assistance and the archeology investigation support were done by help of 60 countries in the world, and the Abu Simbel temple in Nubia ruins was dismantled and reconstructed. And, the opportunity said that it would maintain ruins, the building, and nature, etc. with historical value from development internationally starting with this campaign arose.
The 17th General Conference of UNESCO was opened in the Paris headquarters of UNESCO, and “Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (World Heritage Convention)” was approved by common consent in 1972. The one registered in the World Heritage list is called World Heritage based on this agreement.
World Heritage is classified as follows:
- The cultural heritage ･･･ It is construction and ruins, etc. with excelling and the universe value.
- The natural heritage ･･･ It is region with geographical features, the living thing, and the spectacle, etc. with excellent value.
- The crisis inheritance (World Heritage exposed to the crisis) ･･･ Leaving to future generations is difficult one.
Additionally, the one to prove the crime that the human race such as the wars and racial discriminations has committed is registered as World Heritage. These are called “Negative World Heritage”.
No.1 of the World Heritage list registration is 12 such as yellowstone and Galapagos Islands in the United States. In the breakdown, the natural heritage was 4, and the cultural heritage was 8. The Nubia ruins group in Egypt was registered as the world cultural heritage in 1979.
World Heritage Convention is ratified in 1992, and Japan becomes the 125th signatory and is better.
Tags: and crisis inheritance, Aswan High Dam, cultural heritage, natural heritage, UNESCO, World Heritage
Disproportion of cultural heritage and natural heritage
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
Present World Heritage to which attention all over the world and expectation are attracted. However, some problems are pointed out over the registration. There is “Disproportions of the number of the cultural heritage and natural heritage” as the one.
Disproportions of number of cultural heritage and natural heritage
The registered World Heritage is 851 in total as of 2007. The cultural heritage is 660, and it is 166, and the mixed heritage is 25 in the natural heritage sooner or later. First of all, let’s confirm each definition of the cultural heritage, the natural heritage, and the mixed heritage:
･Cultural heritage ･･･ Monument, complex, ruins, and culture outlook, etc. that have outstanding universal value.
･Natural heritage ･･･ Region including living and habitat etc. of flora and fauna with fear of geographical features that has outstanding universal value, geological features, ecosystem, spectacle, and extermination.
･Mixed heritage ･･･ Inheritance in which both cultural heritage and natural heritage value is had both.
There is one of the reasons for the disproportion that the cultural heritage is four times the natural heritage near difficult the protection of the natural heritage. In a word, the friction of development and maintenance is caused easily. For instance, it is registered in the crisis inheritance such as “[Manovo] = [gunda] San Floris national park” of “Manas Wildlife Sanctuary” of India registered in the natural heritage and the Central African Republic.
As a whole, another reason for the disproportions of the number of registration of the cultural heritage and natural heritage becomes an object for the natural heritage about geological features, the ecosystem, and the spectacle, etc. with but some area. Therefore, there is an ascertainable of the “Universal value” difficulty compared with the cultural heritage such as one churches and ruins. Moreover, it is needed to protect to succeed to during the future after it is registered and to be managed as a condition of registration. As for the maintenance of the entire ecosystem, it is still difficult and the evaluation is also difficult though it reports on the maintenance situation every six years after it registers for that, and the re-examination in The World Heritage Committee is done.
However, I want to try to admit and to maintain both both hereafter with “Universal value” for a long time the cultural heritage and the natural heritage assuming that “It wants you to have it”.
Tags: and number of registration, cultural heritage, mixed heritage, natural heritage, World Heritage
Ryukyu kingdom [gusuku] and the ruins concerned group
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
“Ryukyu and ruins concerned group” was registered in the world cultural heritage of UNESCO in 2000. It is a name that calles the historic site group of a Ryukyu kingdom such as [gusuku] generically. [Gusuku] exists from Amami Islands to Yaeyama islands a lot around Okinawa Prefecture, and means ruins of “[Fururyuukyuu] ([gusuku])” age.
“[Gusuku]” is translated into “Castle” in the standard dialect. However, it is not because all of [gusuku] were used as a militant stronghold. Moreover, there is a difference in the form and how to call by the region.
“Ryukyu and ruins concerned group” was considered that 2, 3, and 6 of the standards were filled, and registered among registration standards (1?6) of World Heritage (cultural heritage):
Standard 2: The one to show important exchange of human race’s value in a certain certain cultural area through period for development of construction, technology, monument art, town plan, and spectacle design.
Standard 3: The one that in existence or becomes at least rare only evidence of disappearing cultural tradition or civilization. Standard 6: The one that relates to artistic, in existence event that has universal remarkable meaning, tradition, thought, belief or literary work directly clearly.
The concrete one of “[Gusuku] and ruins concerned group of a Ryukyu kingdom” is the following:
- Nakijin ruins of a castle
- [Aji] ..pleasure.. ruins of a castle of seat
- Katsuren ruins of a castle
- Nakagusuku ruins of a castle
- Ruins of Shuri Castle
- Shop of ratio of garden Takeshi Mitake stone gate
- Gem mausoleum
- Knowledge noted garden
- Funeral hall Mitake
Does it visit Okinawa, and how in the history that the mind is feeling relieved healed, and the ground has passed if the desire is won in the beautiful beach and clement climate?It was different, and is likely to become deep travel.
Tags: and Nakijin ruins of a castle, cultural heritage, Ryukyu kingdom [gusuku], Shurijo, World Heritage
Ishimi silver mine ruins and the Cultural Landscape
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
“Ishimi silver mine ruins and the Cultural Landscape” was registered in the world cultural heritage at the UNESCO World Heritage conference on the 31st in 2007. It was admitted to fill 2, 3, and 5 the registration standard of the cultural heritage it:
Standard 2: The one to show important exchange of human race’s value in a certain certain cultural area through period for development of construction, technology, monument art, city planning, and spectacle design. Standard 3: Evidence that do in existence or disappearing cultural tradition or civilization is at least rare only. Standard 5: Especially, example standing out traditional village or land use that represents a certain culture (Or, two or more cultures) from which continuing is doubted in an irreversible change.
As for the Ishimi silver mine, the vein of ore is located in present Shimane Prefecture in the maximum silver mine in Japan put at the first term of Edo period at the latter term of Warring States Period. It had already been registered in ruins specified of the country as a mine ruins where Japan was represented in 1969.
It is at 2001 that Japanese Government published “Ishimi silver mine ruins and the Cultural Landscape” in the tentative list that becomes the assumption of the registration of World Heritage. It was “It is a mine to the east and west civilization exchange where it influenced and the kind that formed Cultural Landscape that had harmonized with nature was not seen. “However, ICONOS (International Council of Monuments and Sites) that hit the examination assumed “Universal value” of ruins to be lack of evidence, and recommended the postponement of registration. However, the representative of the UNESCO government was a feature of the Ishimi silver mine, and it became registration by “Responsible concern for the environment that the 21st century needed”’s having already been done from the positive introduction of “Production method to consider the environment of mining without without leveling the mountain, deforesting the forest, digging up a narrow tunnel, and willingly”.
Tags: and environment, cultural heritage, registration postponement recommendation, tentative list, World Heritage
Cultural heritage”Itsukushima Shinto Shrine”
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
Itsukushima Shinto Shrine is a Shinto shrine in Itsukushima (Miyajima) in Hiroshima Prefecture. It was registered in the UNESCO world cultural heritage in a total headquarters in about 500 company Itsukushima Shinto Shrine in the Japanese whole country in 1996.
It was evaluated that standards 1, 2, 4, and 6 were filled as a standard of registration:
Standard 1: The one to express human race’s creative genius’s masterpiece. Standard 2: The one to show important exchange of human race’s value in a certain certain cultural area through period for development of construction, technology, monument art, town plan, and spectacle design. Standard 4: A certain remarkable example of illustrating human race’s important in history age of accumulation or spectacle of building, building complex of form, and technology. Standard 6: The one that relates to artistic, in existence event that has universal remarkable meaning, tradition, thought, belief or literary work directly clearly.
Itsukushima Shinto Shrine enshrines the Munakata third daughter god. Itsukushima Shinto Shrine is assumed to be one of the Japanese 3 bentens from doing of third daughter god’s one and city Kishima [himeinochi] valve ability heaven and ..learning.. [a] in [a] ..learning.. age of gods and Buddha with Enoshima and Chikubu-shima.
It is called, “Miyajima in Age”, and Itsukushima (Miyajima) in which Itsukushima Shinto Shrine is located queues up, and is called one of the Japanese three famous views , saying that “Amanohashidate” of “Matsushima” of Miyagi Prefecture and Kyoto Prefecture. Miyajima in Age is famous for the Heike offer the sutras. A flat stage in Itsukushima Shinto Shrine becomes one of the “Japanese 3 stage” with the stone stage in Shitenno-ji Temple in Osaka Tennoji and the stone stage in Sumiyoshi Taisha Shrine in Osaka Sumiyoshi Ward similarly.
Whenever the influence of the typhoon is very received easily, and the typhoon comes, Itsukushima Shinto Shrine has received some damage. Recently, “Left easy bunch” of national treasure [tsu] specification collapsed because of Typhoon No.18 in 2004. In addition, the damage of the climax is reported recently.
Tags: and typhoon damage, cultural heritage, Itsukushima Shinto Shrine, Miyajima, World Heritage
Cultural heritage”Genbaku Dome”
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
Genbaku Dome in Hiroshima Prefecture was registered as the world cultural heritage in 1996. The standard of registration is an evaluation of filling six.
Standard 6: The one (The World Heritage Committee thinks that it is preferable to combine with other standards and to use this standard) that relates to an artistic, in existence event that has a remarkable, universal meaning, tradition, thought, believe in or literary work directly clearly.
However, the United States strongly opposed registration, and deleted the character “Nuclear weapon that had been used for the first time in the world” from the description of the inspection slip at the World Heritage examination committee in 1996 to which the registration discussion of Genbaku Dome was done. Moreover, the People’s Republic of China also has details of having turned to the abstention due to reflection shortage to the war of Japan. Genbaku Dome is registered in “Unfavorable legacy of past deeds” as a symbol that shows the disaster of the atomic bomb now. [Ma]
On the other hand, the feature of this building is to preserve the shape of the destroyed guesswork while kept. Therefore, there is a difficult problem in preservation even though a part dangerous the fall and the sudden fall that is is repaired with the preservation construction, is removed, and is done work regularly. Danger is large in quake-prone Japan. Moreover, the problem that a peripheral spectacle is ruined has happened to the development of surroundings, too. Therefore, there is an anxiety that it is likely to be registered in the crisis inheritance, too.
The Aioi bridge said that it became the target of the atomic bombing in the surrounding lies, and Hiroshima Peace Park has extended. Visiting in the school excursion in the school days might be also more abundant. It is a cultural heritage that defends indefinitely as a material cultural asset that tells a kaleidoscopic age of the war, and postwar days with the work that tells the experience of being a atomic bomb victim of the atomic bomb such as Keiji Nakazawa’s cartoon ‘It is [gen] of putting out’.
Tags: and crisis inheritance, cultural heritage, Genbaku Dome, unfavorable legacy of past deeds, World Heritage
The world cultural heritage”Himeji Castle”
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
Himeji Castle was registered in World Heritage “Cultural heritage” of UNESCO in 1993. It is a castle in Hyogo Prefecture Himeji City. Country..special..historic site..the..white..mortar..rampart..beautiful..white heron..castle..)..call.
This Himeji Castle is included, and [matsumotoshiro], Hikone Castle, and Inuyama Castle are said, “Four national treasure castles”. This Himeji Castle is especially called a fortification in the south north age in the morning. The appearance since the fortification is left well, and it is called, “Great castle in the whole country”. It was selected to “100 person castle in Japan” in 2006.
The castle that has construction [sareta] [tenmamo] before Edo period exists in the whole country only by 12 places now. However, huge cost has been spent in the repair of postwar days and [tenmamo] at prewar days. It is considerable in guesswork in 1964 for about one billion yen. In addition, the large repair (schedule) in 2009 is scheduled to cost one billion yen or more.
It was requested that standards 1 and 4 of the registration standard of the cultural heritage be filled as the world cultural heritage:
Standard 1: The one to express human race’s creative genius’s masterpiece. Standard 4: A certain remarkable example of illustrating human race’s important in history age of accumulation or spectacle of building, building complex of form, and technology.
ICOMOS investigates in April, September and 1993 1992 before it registers, and evaluates the following points as excellent:
- The balance of capacity and the arrangement of the building is taken in exquisiteness as a timber building, and have excellent beauty with the rampart of mortar. - The symbol of the feudalism before the Meiji era. - Be the highest as the wooden structure in Japan. As for the registration region, it is an inside, and, in addition, the surroundings are specified from [chuukyokurin] for a buffer zone. Moreover, ICOMOS is investigated in 1993 August, after it registers in addition.
The legend of the apparition extermination of Musashi Miyamoto etc. remain in Himeji Castle, and it appears in Eiji Yoshikawa ‘This Musashi’ and fountain Kyoka ‘[Tenmamo] story’ in the novel. Moreover, it is used from the beauty as taking the place such as Edo castles with a lot of image works (’Tearaway general’ and ‘Mitokomon’ etc.).
Tags: and Musashi Miyamoto, cultural heritage, Himeji Castle, white wall, World Heritage
The world cultural heritage”Shrines and temples of Nikko”
Posted by 9b | Filed under World Heritage
Shrines and temples of Nikko were registered as the world cultural heritage in UNESCO The World Heritage Committee in December, 1999. It was assumed that standards 1, 2, and 6 as the cultural heritage were filled:
Standard 1: Masterpiece that expresses human race’s creative talent. Standard 2: Example of illustrating human race’s important in history age excelling accumulation or spectacle of style of architecture, building complex, and technology. Standard 6: The one (The World Heritage Committee thinks that it is preferable to combine with other standards and to use this standard) that relates to an artistic, in existence event that has a remarkable, universal meaning, tradition, thought, believe in or literary work directly clearly.
Shrines and temples of Nikko indicate the following ruins generically of the buddhist temple etc. that exist in the Tochigi Prefecture sunlight city:
- Nikko Toshogu shrine- Sunlight Futarasan Shrine- Sunlight mountain Rinno-ji Temple103 houses (9 national treasure houses and 94 important cultural asset houses)”Groups of buildings”
Besides, the grave of “Ruins (Cultural Landscape)” Ieyasu Tokugawa who surrounds these Groups of buildings.
Nikko Toshogu shrine enshrines the east sunshiny sovereignty reality that deifies first in government of Ed Brigadier General martial Ieyasu Tokugawa, and is total headquarters in Toshogu shrine in the Japanese whole country existence. Famous in Nikko Toshogu shrine is three monkeys of “Do not hear it ..not seeing.. ..not saying..”. These are eight one embossment screen, and teaching where a peaceful way of the life to spend man is shown. Additionally, there is “Sleep cat” in the statue of sunlight. The interior company entrance is defended. “Peace of the sleep also of the cat” is shown.
Sunlight Futarasan Shrine includes eight peaks in the sunlight range of mountains, [kaitsukutaki], and Iroha-zaka, etc. including three sunlight mountains (man mountain, [onnamineyama], and [tarouyama]) in precincts, and the area is an area succeeded to Ise Jingu Shrine of 3400 hectares. Three sunlight mountains have been believed in from of old as a sacred mountain where the god quiets down in the object of worship mountain.
Sunlight mountain Rinno-ji Temple is a Tendai sect buddhist temple. It is created at the Nara era, and it has prospered under Ieyasu Tokugawa’s protection. Afterwards, the buddhist temple and the Shinto shrine were separated by the gods and Buddha separation order at the first year of the Meiji era. Both World Heritage was registered as “Shrines and temples of Nikko”, and it is called, “Two company one temple” with Nikko Toshogu shrine and sunlight Futarasan Shrine. Many own the national treasure and the cultural asset such as mausoleums where Ieyasu Tokugawa is enshrined.
Tags: and sunlight mountain Rinno-ji Temple, cultural heritage, Nikko Toshogu shrine, sunlight, World Heritage
